Combined handsaw and gauge



July 8, 1952 c. AUCKLAND COMBINED HANDSAW AND GAUGE 2 SHEETS-SHEET l Filed Jan. 28. 1949 JNVENTOR.

CHQIS AUCKLAND BY M c. AUCKLAND COMBINED HANDsAw AND GAUGE July 8, 1952 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Filed Jan. 28. 1949 Patented July S, 1952 AUNl'f'l'llD' STATES if'lENTA OFFICE l "2,602,240 I y' bonninsninnnn sAi'if'nn'- ands cnrisniekiaaa'Westnglewamr Artisans Janna ze, isis, ssamm. issn 1 ,ii/ ly invention relates to fa.y combined handsaw and gauge, and more particularly to handjsdWS of the type having a straight back edge and means operatively associated with the handle 4ofi the sa'wto provide with the straight back edge of thesaw a square.

ith theforegoing in viewgitis an o inf/ ,invention to provide ,anfirnproved e harid saw Vand gauge of 'the class descri A further object is toprovide an impr saw'and gauge fof the class described wherein the means providing a square vwith the; straightbacl .deof the Saw blade lis pivotaily nieuwe@ whereby the Same may .b e disposed selectively@ vanousaneular relations@ the Straishtjbatk edge oiwthe satv blade to provide a' mitre gauge, A5 iurtherobiectgs to, prox/,ide a 90m' h. 1 Sffii'flall O hB'ClASS 13:59 y l ineansuforselectively locking the initr sel ted angular relation' to the straight baci;

edge"l of the saw blade.y

lfj ffurther object isV tojprovde c'ornbinedhand saw and gauge wh "straight edge 'Slide-ble ,in the Saw han from a retractedposition and a prei tion extending outwardlp of tli ej stija ght nach edge ofthe blade at right angles thereto.

A fufiher Object is to 'provisie 11.1, e han-d, Saw and sauge Silehsihei andere merisier measuring angl- QS denedby the .Qi @i end otthe straight edge andthe free toe enti oi the straight beek edge Q f, the 'b1ade M Other objects and'advantages reside in the p rticnlar structureoithe invention, combin and arrangement of the sever`a1 partsth and will 'be readir undersod by those skill@ in the artnpon reference tothe attafcheddrawings Connection Withthe following 'sp a.- tion, wherein the invention is shown, desem ed "and Claimedlathe, drawines 'Figiirelis @elevational vier/ of the device, ef fthe; invention, parts being broken away 'for clarin Figure a is .a transverse .Vertical Sectional View taken substantially on the planes oi the lines 2- 2 0?Fieure 1 .t Figure 3 is a fragmentarylengiiliial ver f'l sectional view taken substantially on the plane of the line 3-3of Figurel; igured is 'a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view on v a slightly larger scale and Ys s tantially Aon the plane of the line fi`4 of Fig rejl;

- nare 5 s essa-entry siasi-sarda blade IB to the handle ll.

2f Claims. (o1. ser-213) sirnilar toFigure l, buty showingth dppositefsid' @f th'aw; Figure 6 is a transverse vertical sectional ViewV taken substaftially on the planeV of the' line 6% 5 ofFi'gure 5; E igure 'T isa fr agnentary transverse sectional view one vslightly enlarged scale vand talenv snb;

theplan'e of the line 'l``1 of Figstantially on ur'e;

ligure VBis a plan view `on, a slightly enlarged scale of the Amitre gauge apart 'from the rest of thestructure; Figure 9 is, an elvationalview of theg'aig'e of Figure 8, parts vbeing broken 'avifay;

Figure 1 0 is a transverse 4vertical sectional View on an enlarged scale and taken substantiall,r on the plane of thline lll-'L10 of Figures;

igure '1l is an `elevational viw of a level or plumb Vgauge and showing oner Yside thereof;

Figure 1 2 is a view like Figure ll, but showing the' opposite side @f the level or plumb gauge.

Referring speoincallyfto the drawings, where'- in like reference' characters have been used ythroughout,the vseveral views to designate like parts, the hand saw'according to the invention includes abladellland a handle ll. The blade lll has ya straight backedge i2 at least one sur'- face of which is preferablycalibra'ted, as at i3, with any suitable linear scale; The scale I3 eil:- tendsfrorn the free toe end I4 ofthe straight back edge |2 'to a front edge I5 of one side of the handle III. The front edge l5 of such' side of the handle u intersects nie straightbacr edge' of the blade lll at a right angle, whereby to provide therewith a square. Likewise, the portion of the l5 o f the handle 'is' preferably calibrated with any suitable linear scale i6.

Ilie handle Il is preferably molded of plasticwith 'a reinforcement l1 moldedtherein. The handle and reinforcement I1 are of reversed U shape, whereby each spans the 'free endspof the legs oftheother. The fre'e ends of the legs "of the reinforcement l1 are formed toprovide washers o1' the like I8, Figure 2, through which pass the usual bolt or bolts yI9 for 'connecting the The'space between the free ends of. the legs of the handle 'il is spanned by a wooden handle G which comprises 'apair'of sections 5l secured together nany suitable manner, "as by being glued, whereby to 'complete the handle. The advantage'of the wooden hand' gripsection''ll isthat it provides' a better "grip 'andis 'retn'iily 'replaced when Worn.

-In this `connection, it is noted that the -forward srface of the blade'lil infront of the front edge i y 3 end of the handle Il is slottedto receive the butt end of the blade I therein in the usual manner. If desired, additional screws or bolts 20 may be utilized to assist the screws or bolts I9 in securing the handle to the blade. As best seen in Figure 4, the straight front edge I of the handle II comprises the outer surface of the web of a substantially U-shaped channel member 2| which overlies and underlies the front edge of the handle II at one side of the blade I0. Likewise, it should be noted that the web of the'channel member 2| is slightly spaced from the front edge of the handle Il to provide a slot or recess 22,

Figure 3, which provides a channel or slideway for a rod or straight edge 23. As clearly seen in Fig. 1, the straight edge 23 has a foot at its outer end and may be advanced from a retracted position to a position projecting beyond the straight back edge I2 of the blade I0 at right angles thereto. Likewise, the adjacent portion of the handle II is provided with a recess 24 intersecting the channel 22 and mounting a pressure applying means or spring biased ball 25 which frictionally engages the straight edge 23 to retain the same in a selected advanced or retracted position. As best seen in Figures 11 and 12, one side of the straight edge 23 is calibrated with any suitable scale'26 for angular measurement, while the opposite side of the straight edge 23 is calibrated with any suitable scale 21 comprising a linear measurement. As best seen in Figure 1, when the straight edge 23 is in a selected projected position, and engaging a surface defined by a straight line 28, they free toe end I4 of the back edge I2 of the blade defines with such straight line 28 an angle. Thus, the calibrations 26 on the straight edge 23 enables the user of the device to read the measurement of such angle in degrees, or any other desired angular measurement.

The handle II is provided with a pair of transversely-extending recesses 28 and 2S which are disposed respectively at right angles to and parallel with the straight back edge I2 of the blade I0. It follows, of course, that the recess 28 is parallel to the straight front edge I5 of the handle II?, while the recess 29 is at right angles to such edge I5. The recess 28 has mounted therein a spirit level 38, while the recess 29 has a spirit level 3| therein. Therecesses 28 and 29 are covered on both sides by sheets 32 of clear plastic to provide a clear view of the levels and protect them against breakage or the influx of dust or moisture. The spirit levels 3| and 3E) have their ends seated in any suitable plastic bases 33 which may be removable with the spirit levels as units from the recesses 28 and 2S to permit replacement of the levels and/or adjustment of the same. Obviously, the spirit levels 3|! and 3| cooperate with the straight edge 23 to indicate the degree and/or linear amount that the surface 28 is out of level or out of plumb with the straight back edge I2 of the blade II). It is only necessary to project the straight edge 23 against the surface 28 until one or the other of the spirit levels indicates zero, at which time the reading on the calibrations 26 or 21 of the straight edge`23 may be made in a well known manner.

The device of the invention Valso includes a mitre gauge which is best seen in Figures 5 to 9, inclusive, and which is mounted on the front portion of the handle II on the opposite side of the blade III with respect to the straight edge 23. For this purpose, such forward edge of the han- 4 dle II is formed with an undercut providing an elongated recess 4|) overlying the adjacent surface of the blade ID. Likewise, such-front edge of the handle II is cut away. to provide a recess 4I' for a purpose to be apparent hereinafter. The mitre gauge 42 is best seen in Figures 5, 8 and 9, and is elongated of angular cross-section including a flange 43 which is parallel with the blade I0 and slidable thereon. The flange 43 is shaped to t into the elongated recess 40 formed in the handle II when the gauge is in the retracted position shown in full lines in Figure 5. The upper end of the flange 43 is enlarged rearwardly, as at 62, and is formed with a circular aperture 44 therethrough for pivotally receiving the shank 45 of a .pivot-providing bolt having a non-circular head 46. A set screw 63 is threaded through bolt head 46 for engagement with the enlargement 62 of flange 43 of gauge 42 whereby to hold the same in adjusted positions. IThe gauge 42 also includes a flange 41 which extends at right angles to the adjacent surface of the blade I!) and also at right angles to the straight back edge I2 of such blade. That is to say, the flange 41 extends at right angles to the straight back edge I2 of the blade when the mitre gauge 42 is in the retracted position shown in full lines of Figure 5. As clearly seen in Figures 8 and 5, the ange 41 is cut away at the upper end thereof to provide an end edge 43. Likewise, it is noted that the noncircular head 45 of the bolt 45 is provided with an arcuate groove 49 concentric to the shank 45. The groove 49 terminates in a shoulder 50 which is substantially at right angles to the straight back edge I2 of the blade. As clearly seen in Figure 5, when the mitre gauge 42 is swung on the pivot 45 in a counter-clockwise direction to the broken line position, the end edge 48 of the flange 41 rides in the groove 49. Obviously, when the flange 41 reaches a point at which it is aligned laterally with the straight back edge I2 of the blade, the end edge 48 will abut the shoulder 50 and prevent further pivotal movement of the mitre gauge in a counter-clockwise direction. This arrangement is desirable to prevent the swinging of the mitre gauge 42 beyond the straight back edge I2 of the blade, whereby it would be likely to be -caught upon objects and damaged. Adjacent the opposite end of the flange 41, there is provided a pivot 5I which is substantially parallel to the adjacent surface of the blade I0. Such pivot 5I' pivotally mounts -a latch 52 for pivotal movement parallel to the flange 41. The upper end of the latch 52 is provided with a laterally-directed thumb piece 53, the upper surface of which may be knurled. A leaf spring 54 has its upper end xed to the thumb piece 53 and its lower end riding on the ange 43, whereby to load the latch 52 for pivotal movement on the pivot 5I in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Figure 9. This movement urges a latch dog 55 formed on the front end of the latch 52 toward the blade I0. In this connection, it should be noted that the ange 43 is formed with an aperture 56 through which rthe dog 55 passes. Also, it should be noted that the blade I I) is provided with an arcuate series of latch detents 51 which comprise recesses, or as illustrated, holes through the blade. Also, it is understood that there is a recess 51 immediately lbelow the latch dog 55 when the mitre gauge 42 is in the retracted position, whereby to lock the same in such position. The remaining apertures or recesses 51 may be designated by suitable indicia 58, Figure-5, indicating the number of degrees of angularity of the mitre gauge 42 relative to the straight back edge I2 of the blade I0. To facilitate the actuation o-f the thumb piece 53, the upper edge of the flange 41 may be provided with an arcuate recess 59 which facilitates the depression of the thumb piece 53.

Preferably, the indicia 58 and the recesses 51 designated thereby are located to cause gauge 42 to dene frequently-used angles, as 30, 45 and 60. Thus, the gauge may be quickly set to these angles upon loosening of set screw 63 and by using latch 52 to lock thegauge. However, I prefer to have also an arcuate protractor scale 64 on blade I0 of which the indicia 58 are a part. To set the gauge 42 at a setting on scale 84 intermediate recesses 51, the set screw 63 must be tightened, ofcourse.

same is susceptible of other forms and expressions. Consequently, I do not limit myself to the precise structures shown and described hereinabove except as hereinafter claimed.

I claim:

1. The combination with' a blade having a straight back edge, a handle having one end arranged in end to end facing relation with respect to one end of said blade, said one end of said handle embracing said one end of said face to be levelled positioned transversely of said f straight back edge of said blade and of said handle inwardly of and adjacent said one end of said handle and mounted in said handle for movement from an extensile position in which said one end is engageable with the surface to be levelled and coactable with said means to a contractile position Within said handle, and a pressure applying means carried by said handle and engageable with said rod intermediate its ends for holding said rod in any one of the extensile and contractile positions.

Y 2. The combination with a blade having a straight back edge, a handle having one end arranged in end to end facing relation with respect to one endof said blade, said one end of said handle embracing said one end of said blade and secured to the latter, means in said handle for visually 'determining whether la surface to be leveled is truly horizontal or vertical, of a pitch determining xture operatively connected to said handle, said xture comprising a rod having one end provided With a foot adapted to engage a surface to be levelled positioned transversely of said straight back edge of said blade and of said handle inwardly of and` adjacent said one end of said handle and mounted in said handle for movement from an extensile position in which said foot is engageable with the surface to be levelled and coactable with said means to a contractile position Within said handle, and a sping biased ball positioned in said handle and engageable With'said rod for holding said rod in any one of the extensile and contractile positions.

CHRIS AUCKLAND.

REFERENCES CITED The following referencesr are of record in the le of this patent:

` UNITED STATES PATENTS. Number 1 

